Case Studies
Quench
Quench and Temper of Steel Rolling Mill Roll
Quench and temper hardening of a large high speed steel rolling mill roll requires optimizing depth of hardening and inprocess thermal gradients to maximize surface compression and minimize internal tensile stresses that increase likelihood of internal cracking. Model was developed to determine optimal heat treatments for family of roll sizes.
June 15, 2016
Induction
Scanning Induction Hardening of a Truck Axle
Axle shafts are typically case hardened using an induction process by rapidly heating to the material’s austenitizing temperature through the desired case depth. The shaft is then quenched to form martensite, leaving the surface harder than the base material and under a desirable, compressive residual stress state.
June 15, 2016
Quench
Distortion Analysis of Landing Gear during Oil Quench
Large distortions after oil quenching in the following distortion modes:
Bow in XY-Plane.
Bow in YZ-Plane.
Straightness of a Blind Hole.
All distortion modes shown in the figures make assembly of the entire structure very difficult.
Immersion into the oil tank is the main focus of the distortion analysis.
June 15, 2016
Distortion
Distortion Minimization of a Press Quenched Bevel Gear
A combination of carburization and quench hardening is often used to increase the strength and improve fatigue performance of steel parts. During quenching, stresses caused by the thermal gradient and phase transformations will generate plastic deformation, which will lead to distortion in hardened parts.
June 15, 2016
Immersion
Immersion Quenching of Long Components
Liquid quenching of long steel components can introduce significant distortion if the component is not lowered into the liquid quench bath properly. Whether the liquid quenchant is oil, water, or a polymer solution, the angle and rate of immersion can have a significant effect on the final distortion.
June 15, 2016
Carburization
Low Pressure Carburization Process Improvement for a Ring Gear
Low pressure carburization (LPC) processes are becoming more widespread throughout industry due to the reduced cycle times and the control over the carbon profile through the case. Unlike gas carburization, which utilizes a constant carbon potential to maintain the available carbon on the part surface at a specific value, LPC utilizes boost and diffuse steps. A boost step involves the temporary addition of a carbon carrying gas to the furnace, usually acetylene, to increase the surface carbon to the saturation limit of austenite.
June 15, 2016
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